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	<title>TOEIC词汇精讲 &#8211; 七彩泡泡 ✌︎(❛‿˂̵✧)</title>
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		<title>ingenious</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 29 May 2023 02:33:54 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[ingenious 基本释义 [adjective] (of a person) clever, origin [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>ingenious</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[adjective] (of a person) clever, original, and inventive<br />
[形容词] （指人）聪明的、有独创性的和善于创新的</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>在前几天小站推送的 小词详解 | vulnerable 的留言区，有小伙伴提到 vulnerable 加上前缀 in- 构成反义词 invulnerable 指“不会受伤害的、打不败的、无法损坏的”，而️ invaluable 却并不与 valuable 相反，却是指“宝贵得无法估量的”，也就是“非常宝贵的、极为有用的”。</p>
<p>然后另有小伙伴接着补充说 genius （天才、天资、天赋；天才人物）与 ingenious 也是如此，看似反义词实则不然。</p>
<p>不过严格来说， ingenious 与 genius 虽然是同根词汇，但 ingenious 并非由 genius +前缀 in- 构成，而是由前缀 in-（向内）+词根 geni （=gen，出生、产生；种族）+ 后缀 ous （……的）构成，15世纪初进入英语后即开始作形容词指人“心灵手巧的、机敏的、善于发明创造的、足智多谋的”，强调思路敏捷，在发明与创造方面有着出众的才能和技巧，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>那个近视但手巧的男孩可以用最普通的材料制作出最棒的雕塑。<br />
The myopic but ingenious boy can make the most remarkable sculptures from the most ordinary materials.</li>
<li>那位缺乏天资的女演员很善于找借口。<br />
The actress destitute of talent is very ingenious when it comes to finding excuses.</li>
</ul>
<p>而到了16世纪40年代后， ingenious 开始从单纯指人逐渐发展到既可以指机器、物件等“制作精巧的”，也可以指计划、思想、方法等“新颖独特的、巧妙的”，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>这家公司设计出了一种巧妙的医疗器械。<br />
The company contrived an ingenious medical apparatus.</li>
</ul>
<p>值得注意的是， ingenious 除了会误以为是 genius 的反义词外，还常容易与 ingenuous （单纯的、天真的）相混淆。不仅如此，还要小心不要将 disingenuous （不真诚的、不诚实的、假装不知道的）错当成 ingenious 的反义词。这三者在听说读写时都要注意区别。</p>
<h3><strong>影视例句</strong></h3>
<blockquote class="td_quote_box td_box_center"><p>Oh, she says you&#8217;re completely ingenious, Shelley.<br />
哦，她说你真是太有才了，谢莉。</p></blockquote>
<p>出自2008年上映的美国喜剧电影《校园兔女郎》（The House Bunny）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>But Barclays uses the ingenious parallel of an infectious disease.<br />
但巴克莱巧妙地运用了传染病来作类比。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>Tackling questions of survival, endurance and moral obligations during wartime, the book is as precise and artful and ingenious as the puzzle boxes the heroine’s locksmith father builds for her.<br />
本书在探讨战争期间的生存、忍耐与道义责任等问题时，如同女主人公做锁匠的父亲为她打造的谜箱一样细致而巧妙。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>AI释义</strong></h3>
<p><strong>词义：</strong> &#8220;ingenious&#8221; 是一个形容词，用来描述人或物的创造力、聪明才智或巧妙的设计。它通常表示某人能够以独特而创新的方式解决问题，或者指某物具有巧妙而精巧的设计。</p>
<p><strong>词源：</strong> &#8220;ingenious&#8221; 这个词源于拉丁语 &#8220;ingeniosus&#8221;，意为 &#8220;聪明才智过人的&#8221;。它由拉丁词根 &#8220;ingenium&#8221; 衍生而来，意为 &#8220;才智、天赋&#8221;。</p>
<p><strong>用法：</strong> &#8220;ingenious&#8221; 一词常用于描述人们的创造力、智慧以及他们找到解决问题的巧妙方式。它也可用于形容物品、发明或设计的巧妙和独特之处。</p>
<p><strong>以下是一些常见的与 &#8220;ingenious&#8221; 相关的短语：</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>An ingenious invention: 一项巧妙的发明</li>
<li>Ingenious design: 巧妙的设计</li>
<li>Ingenious solution: 巧妙的解决方案</li>
<li>Ingenious mind: 聪明才智过人的头脑</li>
<li>Ingenious use of technology: 技术的巧妙运用</li>
<li>Ingenious problem-solving: 巧妙解决问题</li>
<li>Ingenious craftsmanship: 精巧的工艺技术</li>
<li>Ingenious engineering: 巧妙的工程设计</li>
<li>Ingenious strategy: 独创的策略</li>
<li>Ingenious device: 精巧的装置</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>inventive:</strong> (of a person) having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally<br />
<strong>creative:</strong> (of a person) having good imagination or original ideas<br />
<strong>original: </strong>present or existing from the beginning; first or earliest</p>
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		<title>endeavor</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 24 May 2023 09:22:51 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[endeavor 基本释义 [verb] try hard to do or achieve somethin [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>endeavor</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[verb] try hard to do or achieve something<br />
[动词] 努力去做或实现某事</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>从上面的两个外刊例句不难发现， endeavor 一词有两种拼法，其中， endeavor 主要用于美式英语，而多一个字母 u 的 endeavour 主要用于英式英语。</p>
<p>该词源自古法语 dever （责任），由部分翻译自古法语 mettre en deveir 的短语 put (oneself) in dever （使成为某人的责任）演变而来，15世纪初出现在英语中原指“为达到目的而付出的痛苦”。</p>
<p>这个概念发展到今天主要作为正式用语使用，表示“努力、尝试”，多指为了达到某一目的而作出的持久的、坚持不懈的甚至终身的艰苦努力，强调努力的认真与决心，因此也可以引申指艰巨而重大的“活动、工作、事业”，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>尽管我们尽了最大的努力，但我们还是在最后的关卡上倒下了。<br />
In spite of our best endeavours, we fell at the final hurdle.</li>
<li>徒步穿越北极是人类探索领域的一次壮举。<br />
Crossing the North Pole on foot was an epic feat of human endeavour.</li>
</ul>
<p>用作动词时，也是作为正式用语表示“努力、尽力、竭力”，也就是尽最大努力、认真地克服困难去做某事，常意味着努力履行职责，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>他在竭力借助这场战争的惨败来取代他软弱的上司担任总统。<br />
He is endeavouring to supersede his feeble boss as president by leveraging the debacle of the war.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>权威用例</strong></h3>
<p>为了实现中华民族伟大复兴，中国共产党团结带领中国人民，自力更生、发愤图强，创造了社会主义革命和建设的伟大成就。<br />
To realize national rejuvenation, the Party united and led the Chinese people in endeavoring to build a stronger China with a spirit of self-reliance, achieving great success in socialist revolution and construction.</p>
<p>出自习总书记在庆祝中国共产党成立100周年大会上的讲话。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>Yet creating and using this torrent of information is an endeavour of enormous scale and complexity.<br />
然而，创建并使用这一信息洪流的工作规模宏大且极其复杂。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>If space is seen as the ultimate high ground for military endeavors, we are all in enormous trouble.<br />
如果太空被当做军事发展的终极高地，那么我们就都陷入了巨大的麻烦。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>详细用法</strong></h3>
<p>&#8220;Endeavor&#8221;是一个动词，意思是努力、尽力、奋力。它可以表示努力去做某事、努力实现目标、克服困难或者追求成功。下面是一些关于&#8221;endeavor&#8221;的详细用法：</p>
<ol>
<li>&#8220;Endeavor&#8221;可以用作及物动词，后面直接跟动词原形或名词：
<ul>
<li>They endeavored to find a solution to the problem.（他们努力寻找解决问题的方法。）</li>
<li>She is endeavoring to learn a new language.（她正在努力学习一门新语言。）</li>
<li>He made every endeavor to succeed.（他尽力取得成功。）</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#8220;Endeavor&#8221;也可以用作不及物动词，后面跟介词&#8221;to&#8221;加动词原形或名词：
<ul>
<li>I will endeavor to arrive on time.（我将努力准时到达。）</li>
<li>They are endeavoring to improve their performance.（他们正在努力改善他们的表现。）</li>
<li>She always endeavors to do her best.（她总是尽力做到最好。）</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#8220;Endeavor&#8221;还可以作为名词，表示努力、尽力的行动或努力的结果：
<ul>
<li>Their endeavors led to significant progress.（他们的努力导致了重大进展。）</li>
<li>The company appreciated his endeavors to increase sales.（公司对他努力增加销售额的表现表示赞赏。）</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#8220;Endeavor&#8221;也常常与其他动词和副词组合使用，形成一些习惯用法：
<ul>
<li>Make every endeavor: 尽一切努力</li>
<li>Endeavor to achieve: 努力实现</li>
<li>Endeavor to overcome: 努力克服</li>
<li>Endeavor to succeed: 努力取得成功</li>
<li>Endeavor to improve: 努力改进</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<p>&#8220;Endeavor&#8221;是一个表达努力和奋斗的常用词汇，在各种口语和书面语境中都可以使用。</p>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<p>以下是关于&#8221;endeavor&#8221;的常用短语及其中文解释：</p>
<ol>
<li>Make every endeavor &#8211; 尽一切努力</li>
<li>Endeavor to do something &#8211; 努力做某事</li>
<li>Endeavor to achieve &#8211; 努力实现</li>
<li>Endeavor to succeed &#8211; 努力取得成功</li>
<li>Endeavor to improve &#8211; 努力改进</li>
<li>Endeavor to overcome &#8211; 努力克服</li>
<li>Endeavor to solve &#8211; 努力解决</li>
<li>Endeavor to understand &#8211; 努力理解</li>
<li>Endeavor to excel &#8211; 努力出色</li>
<li>Endeavor to innovate &#8211; 努力创新</li>
<li>Endeavor to adapt &#8211; 努力适应</li>
<li>Endeavor to grow &#8211; 努力成长</li>
<li>Endeavor to expand &#8211; 努力扩大</li>
<li>Endeavor to contribute &#8211; 努力贡献</li>
<li>Endeavor to inspire &#8211; 努力激发</li>
<li>Endeavor to maintain &#8211; 努力维持</li>
<li>Endeavor to fulfill &#8211; 努力履行</li>
<li>Endeavor to balance &#8211; 努力平衡</li>
<li>Endeavor to support &#8211; 努力支持</li>
<li>Endeavor to foster &#8211; 努力培养</li>
<li>Endeavor to establish &#8211; 努力建立</li>
<li>Endeavor to promote &#8211; 努力推动</li>
<li>Endeavor to create &#8211; 努力创造</li>
<li>Endeavor to collaborate &#8211; 努力合作</li>
<li>Endeavor to innovate &#8211; 努力创新</li>
<li>Endeavor to inspire &#8211; 努力鼓舞</li>
<li>Endeavor to achieve greatness &#8211; 努力取得伟大成就</li>
<li>Endeavor to make a difference &#8211; 努力有所作为</li>
<li>Endeavor to reach new heights &#8211; 努力追求新的高度</li>
<li>Endeavor to leave a legacy &#8211; 努力留下传世之作</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>attempt:</strong> make an effort to achieve or complete (something difficult)<br />
<strong>essay:</strong> attempt or try<br />
<strong>struggle: </strong>strive to achieve or attain something in the face of difficulty or resistance</p>
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		<title>perplex</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 May 2023 08:19:19 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[perplex 基本释义 [verb] make (someone) feel completely baff [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>perplex</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[verb] make (someone) feel completely baffled<br />
[动词] 使（某人）感到完全困惑</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Perplex 是一个与熟词 complex （复杂的、难懂的、费解的）结尾和词根相同的单词，由前缀 per- （贯穿、自始至终）+ 词根 plex （重叠、折叠）构成。该词源自拉丁语 perplexus （错综复杂的、复杂难解的、困惑的），14世纪末先是进入英语作形容词表示“困惑的、迷惑不解的”，不过这个含义后来主要由其变体 perplexed 表示。</p>
<p>等到了16世纪90年代后，又从 perplexed 逆构出动词 perplex 表示“迷惑、使困惑、使茫然”以及“使担忧、使担心”，多指在决定行动方案或个人问题的正确解决方案时，感到担忧焦虑并缺乏把握，无从下手处理，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>她松懈的反应令他们困惑不解。<br />
They were perplexed by her lax response.</li>
<li>这犟孩子弄得他父母不知怎么办才好。<br />
The restive child perplexed his parents.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>好书例句</strong></h3>
<p>&#8216;Oh! don&#8217;t, Miss Catherine!&#8217; I cried. &#8216;We&#8217;re dismal enough without conjuring up ghosts and visions to perplex us. Come, come, be merry and like yourself! Look at little Hareton! HE&#8217;S dreaming nothing dreary. How sweetly he smiles in his sleep!&#8217;<br />
“啊，别说啦，凯瑟琳小姐！”我叫着，“用不着招神现鬼来缠我们，我们已够惨的啦。来，来，高兴起来，像你本来的样子！看看小哈里顿——他梦中想不到什么伤心事。他在睡眠中笑得多甜啊！”</p>
<p>出自英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Brontë）的小说《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>But “Hunger” is also highly idiosyncratic—a peculiar, often perplexing tour through some of the world’s most desperate places, interspersed with muddled ranting.<br />
但《饥饿》也极为特立独行——它穿行于世界上一些生存条件最恶劣的地方，过程离奇古怪，常常令人困惑，还夹杂着混乱的怒骂。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>The poor health of children in India, even after decades of robust economic growth, is one of the world’s most perplexing public health questions.|<br />
尽管数十年来经济增长强劲，但印度儿童的健康状况仍然不佳，这是世界上最令人困惑的公共卫生问题之一。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<p>以下是一些包含动词&#8221;perplex&#8221;（使困惑、迷惑）的常用短语：</p>
<ol>
<li>Be perplexed: 困惑。例如：I am perplexed by his sudden change of behavior.（他突然改变行为让我感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Become perplexed: 变得困惑。例如：She became perplexed when she couldn&#8217;t find her keys.（当她找不到钥匙时，她变得困惑。）</li>
<li>Feel perplexed: 感到困惑。例如：I feel perplexed by the complexity of the problem.（我对问题的复杂性感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Perplexed expression: 困惑的表情。例如：He had a perplexed expression on his face when he heard the news.（当他听到这个消息时，脸上露出了困惑的表情。）</li>
<li>Perplexed look: 困惑的神情。例如：She gave me a perplexed look when I asked her a difficult question.（当我问她一个困难的问题时，她对我投以困惑的目光。）</li>
<li>Perplexed by something: 对某事感到困惑。例如：He was perplexed by the conflicting information he received.（他对他收到的矛盾信息感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Perplexed about something: 对某事感到困惑。例如：I&#8217;m still perplexed about what happened yesterday.（我对昨天发生的事情仍然感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Perplexed by the puzzle/mystery: 困惑于这个谜题/谜团。例如：The detective was perplexed by the unsolved mystery.（这位侦探对这个未解之谜感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Perplexed by the question: 对这个问题感到困惑。例如：I was perplexed by the difficult question on the exam.（我对考试上的难题感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Perplexed by the situation: 对这种情况感到困惑。例如：She was perplexed by the complicated situation at work.（她对工作中的复杂情况感到困惑。）</li>
<li>Perplexed and bewildered: 困惑和困惑不解。例如：He stood there, perplexed and bewildered by what he had just witnessed.（他站在那里，对他刚刚目睹的事情感到困惑和困惑不解。）</li>
<li>Perplexed mind: 困惑的心境。例如：She couldn&#8217;t focus on her work due to her perplexed mind.（由于困惑的心境，她无法专注于工作。）</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>puzzle:</strong> cause (someone) to feel confused because they cannot understand something<br />
<strong>baffle:</strong> totally bewilder or perplex<br />
<strong>mystify:</strong> utterly bewilder or perplex (someone)</p>
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		<title>startle</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 May 2023 07:48:31 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[startle 基本释义 [verb] cause to feel sudden shock or alarm [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>startle</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[verb] cause to feel sudden shock or alarm<br />
[动词] 使感到突然的震惊或惊慌</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Startle 这个单词比较好记，看到它就很容易联想到熟词 start （开始）来。事实上， startle 正是由 start 的词源 + 反复后缀 -le 构成（类似的构词法还有小站上个月推送的 topple），14世纪出现在英语中后原本用来表示“跑来跑去、跳来跳去、来回猛烈移动”。</p>
<p>这个概念等到了16世纪90年代后开展演变为今义表示“使惊吓、使受惊、使吓一跳、使大吃一惊”，多指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊骇、震惊或使人惊跳、畏缩，有时候恐惧感较弱，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>我一进办公室，发现一条恶狗坐在里面，把我吓了一跳。<br />
It startled me to find a savage dog sitting in my office.</li>
<li>那个沉默寡言的女孩正在聚精会神地看书，被他刺耳的嗓音吓了一跳。<br />
The reticent girl was concentrating on her book and his strident voice startled her.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>影视例句</strong></h3>
<blockquote class="td_quote_box td_box_center"><p>I hope you make the best of it. I hope you see things that startle you. I hope you feel things you never felt before. I hope you meet people with a different point of view. I hope you live a life you’re proud of.<br />
我希望你能活出最精彩的自己。我希望你能见识到让自己眼前一亮的事物。我希望你能感受到以前从未有过的感觉。我希望你能遇见一些想法不同的人。我希望你能过着自己引以为豪的生活。</p></blockquote>
<p>出自2008年上映的美国奇幻爱情影片《本杰明·巴顿奇事》（The Curious Case of Benjamin Button）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>As in the past, this era promises startling economic and geopolitical change.<br />
与过去一样，这个时代昭示着惊人的经济和地缘政治变革。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>Sadly, there is now a pile of evidence, sometimes startling, that air pollution also plays a role in heart attacks and strokes.<br />
不幸的是，目前已经有大堆的证据，有些甚至令人震惊，表明空气污染在心脏病发作和中风中也发挥了一定的作用。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>详细用法</strong></h3>
<p>关于 &#8220;startle&#8221; 的详细用法。</p>
<p>&#8220;Startle&#8221; 是一个动词，意为使吃惊、使惊恐、使突然惊动。这个词通常用来描述突然发生的事情、声音或事件，使人感到惊讶、惊恐或疑惑。</p>
<p>例如，&#8221;The loud noise from the thunderstorm startled the sleeping child&#8221;，意思是雷雨中的巨大噪音惊醒了正在睡觉的孩子。又如，&#8221;The unexpected news of her promotion startled her coworkers&#8221;，意思是她晋升的消息让她的同事们感到惊讶。</p>
<p>&#8220;Startle&#8221; 这个词还可以用来表示某人或某物被惊吓或被惊醒。例如，&#8221;The sudden movement of the snake startled the hiker&#8221;，意思是蛇的突然动作吓到了徒步旅行者。又如，&#8221;The alarm clock startled her awake&#8221;，意思是闹钟突然响起，把她惊醒了。</p>
<p>此外，&#8221;startle&#8221; 这个词也可以用作名词，表示一种突然的惊吓或惊动。例如，&#8221;The startle from the fireworks left the dog shaking&#8221;，意思是烟花的突然惊吓让狗狗不停地颤抖。</p>
<p>总之，&#8221;startle&#8221; 这个词通常用来描述突然发生的事情、声音或事件，使人感到惊讶、惊恐或疑惑。它还可以用来表示某人或某物被惊吓或被惊醒，并且作为名词时表示一种突然的惊吓或惊动。</p>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li>Startle someone awake &#8211; 使某人惊醒：突然而大声地惊醒某人。</li>
<li>Startle at a loud noise &#8211; 因声音大而吓一跳：因大声的噪音而突然吓一跳。</li>
<li>Startle someone with a sudden movement &#8211; 因突然动作吓到某人：因突然的动作而吓到某人。</li>
<li>Startle reaction &#8211; 反射性惊吓反应：身体对突然刺激做出的自然反应。</li>
<li>Startle easily &#8211; 容易受惊：对突然的刺激容易感到惊慌。</li>
<li>Startle at the sight of a spider &#8211; 因看到蜘蛛而吓一跳：因看到蜘蛛而突然吓一跳。</li>
<li>Startle someone with a prank &#8211; 用恶作剧吓唬某人：用恶作剧来突然吓唬某人。</li>
<li>Startle response &#8211; 惊吓反应：对突然刺激做出的心理和生理反应。</li>
<li>Startle birds into flight &#8211; 吓飞鸟群：吓唬鸟群使其突然飞起。</li>
<li>Startle someone with unexpected news &#8211; 因意外消息吓某人一跳：因意外的消息而突然吓到某人。</li>
<li>Startle at the sound of thunder &#8211; 因雷声而吓一跳：因雷声而突然吓一跳。</li>
<li>Startle a deer in the woods &#8211; 吓起树林里的鹿：在树林里吓起一只鹿。</li>
<li>Startle someone with a surprise party &#8211; 用惊喜派对吓某人：用意外的派对来吓唬某人。</li>
<li>Startle at the sudden burst of laughter &#8211; 因突然的笑声而吓一跳：因突然的笑声而突然吓一跳。</li>
<li>Startle someone with a loud sneeze &#8211; 因大声打喷嚏吓到某人：因突然的大喷嚏吓到某人。</li>
<li>Startle the audience with a dramatic twist &#8211; 用戏剧性的转折吓唬观众：用戏剧性的转折突然吓唬观众。</li>
<li>Startle someone by jumping out from behind a door &#8211; 从门后面跳出吓某人：从门后面突然跳出来吓唬某人。</li>
<li>Startle a cat with a sudden movement &#8211; 因突然动作吓到猫：因突然的动作而吓到一只猫。</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>frighten:</strong> make (someone) afraid or anxious<br />
<strong>alarm: </strong>make (someone) feel frightened, disturbed, or in danger<br />
<strong>scare:</strong> cause great fear or nervousness in; frighten</p>
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		<title>trauma</title>
		<link>https://www.733588.com/trauma/</link>
					<comments>https://www.733588.com/trauma/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 May 2023 01:07:22 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[trauma 基本释义 [noun] physical injury [名词] 身体损伤 深入解读 Traum [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>trauma</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[noun] physical injury<br />
[名词] 身体损伤</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Trauma 一词源自希腊语 trauma （伤、伤口；失败），17世纪末进入英语后用来表示身体上的“损伤、外伤、伤口”，多指由诸如摔倒、猛击、枪击、刺捅、烧伤等外力猛烈攻击或事故，以及分娩、手术等附带原因而造成的伤口或拉伤、骨折（fracture）、脑震荡等伤害，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>医生们为这个大脑受到严重损伤濒临死亡的病人创造了奇迹。<br />
The doctors have done marvels for the moribund patient who suffered severe brain trauma.</li>
</ul>
<p>等到了19世纪末， trauma 开始进一步用来表示心理或精神上的“创伤”以及“痛苦经历、挫折”，其中前者多指精神或情绪上的严重打击或巨大压力导致的情绪或行为紊乱，或者说在头脑中留下持久的异常印象，其意义往往从受到的伤害转移到产生的效果上，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>婚姻破裂带来的心理创伤使她对爱情的幻想破灭了。<br />
The trauma of marriage breakdown shattered her illusions about love.</li>
</ul>
<p>而后者多指使人极度痛苦或令人不安的不快经历，严重到可能会造成精神伤害，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>我经历过放弃权力的痛苦。这是我人生中相当臭名昭著的一段经历。<br />
I&#8217;d been through the trauma of relinquishing power. It was a rather notorious episode of my life.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>影视例句</strong></h3>
<p>Let me ask you. Any past traumas in your life?<br />
我来问你。你以往受过精神创伤吗？</p>
<p>出自2010年上映的美国心理惊悚电影《禁闭岛》（Shutter Island）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>Mr Krastev and Mr Holmes think the trauma of losing the cold war made Russia different, and that its attempts at building democracy were always a charade.<br />
克拉斯特夫和霍姆斯认为，冷战失败的创伤让俄罗斯与众不同，而其建设民主制度的努力一直都是一场闹剧。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>Most children who fled to Bangladesh experienced significant trauma, whether witnessing relatives being killed or waiting for military raids to engulf their villages.<br />
逃到孟加拉国的大部分儿童都经历了严重的精神创伤，无论是目睹亲人被杀还是等着军事突袭吞噬他们所在的村庄。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>详细用法</strong></h3>
<p><strong>名词用法：</strong></p>
<p><strong>Trauma</strong> 是一个名词，表示身体或心理上的创伤，通常指遭受严重的伤害或经历令人难以忘怀的痛苦经历。</p>
<p>例如：</p>
<ol>
<li>He experienced a severe <strong>trauma</strong> after the car accident.（他在车祸后经历了严重的创伤。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示他在车祸后经历了身体或心理上的严重创伤。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Many soldiers returning from war suffer from post-traumatic <strong>trauma</strong>.（许多从战争归来的士兵患有创伤后的创伤。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示许多从战争中归来的士兵遭受创伤，并可能导致创伤后应激障碍。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The child&#8217;s <strong>trauma</strong> from the abusive home environment will require professional help.（孩子因虐待的家庭环境而遭受的创伤需要专业帮助。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示孩子在虐待的家庭环境中经历了身体或心理上的创伤，并需要专业的帮助来应对。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The accident left a lasting <strong>trauma</strong> on her psyche.（事故在她的心灵中留下了持久的创伤。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示事故对她的心理产生了长期的创伤影响。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The therapist helped her work through the <strong>trauma</strong> of her childhood abuse.（治疗师帮助她处理了童年虐待的创伤。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示治疗师帮助她处理了童年虐待所带来的身体或心理上的创伤。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Witnessing a natural disaster can result in <strong>trauma</strong> for the survivors.（目睹自然灾害可能给幸存者带来创伤。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示目睹自然灾害可能对幸存者产生身体或心理上的创伤。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The therapist used various techniques to help him overcome the <strong>trauma</strong> of his past.（治疗师使用各种技术帮助他克服过去的创伤。）
<ul>
<li>这句话表示治疗师使用了各种技术帮助他克服过去的身体或心理上的创伤。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<p><strong>与 &#8220;trauma&#8221; 相关的短语：</strong></p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Emotional trauma</strong> &#8211; 情感创伤</li>
<li><strong>Traumatic experience</strong> &#8211; 创伤性经历</li>
<li><strong>Trauma recovery</strong> &#8211; 创伤恢复</li>
<li><strong>Trauma therapy</strong> &#8211; 创伤疗法</li>
<li><strong>Trauma survivor</strong> &#8211; 创伤幸存者</li>
<li><strong>Trauma response</strong> &#8211; 创伤反应</li>
<li><strong>Trauma counseling</strong> &#8211; 创伤咨询</li>
<li><strong>Childhood trauma</strong> &#8211; 童年创伤</li>
<li><strong>Trauma center</strong> &#8211; 创伤中心</li>
<li><strong>Trauma symptoms</strong> &#8211; 创伤症状</li>
<li><strong>Trauma treatment</strong> &#8211; 创伤治疗</li>
<li><strong>Trauma impact</strong> &#8211; 创伤影响</li>
<li><strong>Trauma recovery process</strong> &#8211; 创伤恢复过程</li>
<li><strong>Trauma-informed care</strong> &#8211; 考虑创伤的护理</li>
<li><strong>Trauma-induced stress</strong> &#8211; 创伤引起的压力</li>
<li><strong>Trauma-focused therapy</strong> &#8211; 创伤焦点疗法</li>
<li><strong>Trauma healing</strong> &#8211; 创伤疗愈</li>
<li><strong>Acute trauma</strong> &#8211; 急性创伤</li>
<li><strong>Psychological trauma</strong> &#8211; 心理创伤</li>
<li><strong>Trauma recovery program</strong> &#8211; 创伤恢复计划</li>
<li><strong>Vicarious trauma</strong> &#8211; 替代性创伤</li>
<li><strong>Trauma narrative</strong> &#8211; 创伤叙事</li>
<li><strong>Trauma support</strong> &#8211; 创伤支持</li>
<li><strong>Trauma-related disorders</strong> &#8211; 与创伤相关的疾病</li>
<li><strong>Trauma-focused approach</strong> &#8211; 创伤焦点方法</li>
<li><strong>Trauma bonding</strong> &#8211; 创伤性依恋</li>
<li><strong>Trauma-informed education</strong> &#8211; 考虑创伤的教育</li>
<li><strong>Trauma exposure</strong> &#8211; 创伤暴露</li>
<li><strong>Complex trauma</strong> &#8211; 复杂创伤</li>
<li><strong>Trauma assessment</strong> &#8211; 创伤评估</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>abrasion: </strong>an area damaged by scraping or wearing away<br />
<strong>bruise:</strong> an injury appearing as an area of discolored skin on the body, caused by a blow or impact rupturing underlying blood vessels<br />
<strong>laceration:</strong> a deep cut or tear in skin or flesh</p>
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		<title>eloquent</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 May 2023 14:13:08 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[eloquent 基本释义 [adjective] fluent or persuasive in speak [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>eloquent</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[adjective] fluent or persuasive in speaking or writing<br />
[形容词] 口语或写作流利的或有说服力的</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Eloquent 一词源自拉丁语 eloqui （响亮或清楚地说），由前缀 e- （加强）+词根 loqu （说话）+后缀 -ent （具有……性质的、关于……的）构成，14世纪末经古法语 eloquent 进入英语后即用来表示“雄辩的、口才流利的、能言善辩的”，常指人说话流畅有力，以热情动人的语言表达进行强烈的情感刺激，特别是在公共场合中，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>有口才的人善于用词。<br />
An eloquent speaker is one skilled in the use of words.</li>
<li>这位书迷说起自己对书的喜爱来就会停不住嘴。<br />
The avid reader was eloquent about his love of books.</li>
</ul>
<p>除了形容人以外， eloquent 也可以用来形容言辞、文字、表情、动作、图片等“表达生动的、有说服力的、明白显示出的、传神达意的”，即能够生动地或动人地表达或揭示某事，从而有效地说服人，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>他闪亮的凝视目光传神地表达了他的恳求。<br />
His glistening gaze was eloquent in its plea.</li>
<li>她发表了富有说服力的演讲，呼吁采取行动。没有什么能减弱她的坚定热情。<br />
She made an eloquent appeal for action. Nothing abated her crusading zeal.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>好书例句</strong></h3>
<p>The eloquent phrases I had arranged, pathetic or indignant, seemed out of place on the Avenue de Clichy.<br />
我准备好的一套绝妙词令，哀婉的也罢、愤激的也罢，在克里舍林荫道上似乎都不合拍了。</p>
<p>出自威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆（William Somerset Maugham）的长篇小说《月亮和六便士》（The Moon and Sixpence）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>Neither telegenic nor eloquent in public, he seems more comfortable among bankers than peasants.<br />
他既不上镜也不善于公众演讲，在面对银行家时似乎比面对农民时更自如。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>The protesters didn’t use Murray’s presence as an occasion to hone the most eloquent, irrefutable retort to him. They swarmed and swore.<br />
抗议者们没有利用默里在场的机会，对着他练就最有说服力的、最无可辩驳的反驳，而是一窝蜂地发起辱骂攻势。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>详细用法</strong></h3>
<p><strong>eloquent</strong> 是一个形容词，用来描述说话或写作能力出色，能够表达思想和情感的人或文字。它强调了清晰、有力和感人的表达方式。</p>
<p><strong>用法示例</strong>：</p>
<ol>
<li>She delivered an <strong>eloquent</strong> speech that moved everyone in the audience.（她发表了一篇感人的演讲，打动了观众。）</li>
<li>The author&#8217;s <strong>eloquent</strong> prose captivated readers and drew them into the story.（作者雄辩的散文吸引了读者，使他们沉浸其中。）</li>
<li>The lawyer&#8217;s <strong>eloquent</strong> arguments convinced the jury of his client&#8217;s innocence.（律师雄辩的辩论使陪审团相信了他客户的清白。）</li>
<li>The politician was known for his <strong>eloquent</strong> speeches and charismatic presence.（这位政治家以他雄辩的演讲和有魅力的形象而闻名。）</li>
<li>The poet&#8217;s <strong>eloquent</strong> verses beautifully conveyed the depth of human emotions.（诗人雄辩的诗句美妙地传达了人类情感的深度。）</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>中文解释</strong>： eloquent（形容词）：能够流利而有说服力地表达思想和情感的，雄辩的</p>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<p><strong>Eloquent</strong> 的相关短语如下：</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Highly eloquent</strong> &#8211; 高度雄辩的</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent speech</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的演讲</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent writing</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的写作</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent expression</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的表达</li>
<li><strong>Articulate and eloquent</strong> &#8211; 表达清晰且雄辩</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent speaker</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的演讲者</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent communicator</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的沟通者</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent words</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的言辞</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent description</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的描述</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent narrative</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的叙述</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent rhetoric</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的修辞</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent voice</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的声音</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent tone</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的语调</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent delivery</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的表达方式</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent orator</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的演说家</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent language</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的语言</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent phrasing</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的措辞</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent portrayal</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的描绘</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent tribute</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的致敬</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent explanation</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的解释</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent debate</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的辩论</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent interview</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的访谈</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent response</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的回应</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent argument</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的论证</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent delivery</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的演讲方式</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent style</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的风格</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent presence</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的气场</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent personality</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的个性</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent gestures</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的手势</li>
<li><strong>Eloquent public speaking</strong> &#8211; 雄辩的公开演讲</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>articulate: </strong>having or showing the ability to speak fluently and coherently<br />
<strong>fluent:</strong> able to express oneself easily and articulately<br />
<strong>glib:</strong> (of words or a speaker) fluent but insincere and shallow</p>
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		<title>scenario</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 May 2023 13:26:08 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[scenario 基本释义 [noun] a written outline of a movie, nove [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>scenario</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[noun] a written outline of a movie, novel, or stage work giving details of the plot and individual scenes<br />
[名词] 电影、小说或舞台作品的书面概述，给出故事情节和单独场景的细节</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Scenario 一词与熟词 scene 同源，都是源自拉丁语 scena （场景），由晚期拉丁语 scenarius （舞台场景的）经意大利语 scenario 于1868年进入英语，最初用来表示“一部戏剧作品的情节概述”，现在则泛指电影、小说或舞台作品等的“剧本提纲、情节梗概、脚本、分镜头剧本”，即给出故事情节和单独场景的细节的书面概述。</p>
<p>等到了1960年后，同小站（微信公众号：田间小站）之前推送过的 escalate 一样，受当时可能爆发核战争的局势影响， scenario 开始用来表示现在的主要含义指“设想、方案”或者说“可能发生的事态、局面、情况”，即对未来可能发生的行动或事件的概要叙述，或者说想象中的按照假定顺序发展的一系列事件，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>有好几种可能出现的局面。他必须努力才能避免失败。<br />
There are several possible scenarios. In order to avert failure he would have to exert himself.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>影视例句</strong></h3>
<p>From a thief&#8217;s point of view, this is worst-case scenario.<br />
从一个贼的角度来看，这是最糟糕的情况。</p>
<p>出自2006年上映的美国动作电影《碟中谍3》（Mission: Impossible III）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>The worst-case scenario is that the flow of these vital raw materials is cut off as tensions escalate.<br />
最坏的情况是，随着紧张局势升级，这些重要原材料的流动中断。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>To prepare for the worst worst-case scenario, some doomers prefer daily staples like tampons, vegetable seeds and cigarettes (that timeless prison medium of exchange) to silver or gold as an alt-currency.<br />
为了应对最最糟糕的情况，一些末日论者更喜欢把日常物资，比如卫生棉条、蔬菜种子和香烟（监狱中永不过时的硬通货），当作替代货币来囤积，而不是白银或黄金。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>详细用法</strong></h3>
<p><strong>scenario</strong> 是一个名词，指的是一个设想或可能发生的情况、事件或情节。它通常用于描述故事、计划、预测或假设的情境。以下是关于 &#8220;scenario&#8221; 的详细用法和一些短语：</p>
<p><strong>用法示例：</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>Let&#8217;s discuss different <strong>scenarios</strong> for the project and evaluate their feasibility. (让我们讨论项目的不同情景，并评估它们的可行性。)</li>
<li>The company has prepared a contingency plan for various <strong>scenarios</strong>. (公司已为各种情况准备了应急计划。)</li>
<li>In the best-case <strong>scenario</strong>, we expect high profits and successful outcomes. (在最好的情况下，我们预期会有高额利润和成功的结果。)</li>
<li>The worst-case <strong>scenario</strong> would be a complete system failure. (最糟糕的情况是系统完全崩溃。)</li>
<li>The movie explores a dystopian <strong>scenario</strong> in a post-apocalyptic world. (这部电影探讨了后启示录世界中的反乌托邦情景。)</li>
<li>The team worked together to create a realistic <strong>scenario</strong> for the training exercise. (团队共同努力为训练演习创建一个真实的情景。)</li>
<li>The weather forecast predicted different <strong>scenarios</strong> ranging from heavy rain to sunshine. (天气预报预测了从大雨到阳光的不同情况。)</li>
<li>The economic <strong>scenario</strong> is uncertain due to global market fluctuations. (由于全球市场波动，经济情况不确定。)</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>其他短语：</strong></p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Possible scenario</strong>：可能的情景</li>
<li><strong>Worst-case scenario</strong>：最糟糕的情况</li>
<li><strong>Best-case scenario</strong>：最好的情况</li>
<li><strong>Realistic scenario</strong>：现实情景</li>
<li><strong>Plausible scenario</strong>：可信的情景</li>
<li><strong>Scenarios analysis</strong>：情景分析</li>
<li><strong>Scenario planning</strong>：情景规划</li>
<li><strong>Scenario-based approach</strong>：基于情景的方法</li>
<li><strong>Alternate scenario</strong>：替代情景</li>
<li><strong>Optimistic scenario</strong>：乐观情况</li>
<li><strong>Pessimistic scenario</strong>：悲观情况</li>
<li><strong>Business scenario</strong>：商业情景</li>
<li><strong>Scenario development</strong>：情景发展</li>
<li><strong>Scenario simulation</strong>：情景模拟</li>
<li><strong>Future scenario</strong>：未来情景</li>
</ol>
<p>&#8220;scenario&#8221; 可以用于各种情境，包括商业、计划、影视作品、气象预测等，以描述不同的情景和可能的发展方向。</p>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>plot: </strong>the main events of a play, novel, movie, or similar work, devised and presented by the writer as an interrelated sequence<br />
<strong>outline: </strong>a general description or plan giving the essential features of something but not the detail<br />
<strong>storyline:</strong> the plot of a novel, play, movie, or other narrative form</p>
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		<title>oblivious</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 23 May 2023 04:26:37 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[oblivious 基本释义 [adjective] not aware of or not concerne [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>oblivious</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[adjective] not aware of or not concerned about what is happening around one<br />
[形容词] 未注意到或不关心周围发生的事情的</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Oblivious 是一个与熟词 obvious 十分形似但含义相隔较远的单词。该词源自拉丁语 obliviosus （健忘的、很容易忘记的；产生健忘的），15世纪中期进入英语后也是用来表示“忘却的、健忘的”，不过这个含义现已不再流行。</p>
<p>等到了1862年后， oblivious 开始讹用来表示“不知道的、未注意的、未察觉的”，但这个含义随后却发展成了该词的主要含义。现在常用搭配 oblivious of/to sth ，多指对周围发生的事情毫无知觉的或未察觉的，强调缺乏主动有意识的注意，或者因认为事情微不足道或者过于琐碎而没有去注意或记住，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>那个新手专心于工作，对周围的一切毫无知觉。<br />
Absorbed in her work, the novice was totally oblivious of her surroundings.</li>
<li>他开车走了，没有注意到他所造成的附带损害。<br />
He drove off, oblivious of the collateral damage he had caused.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>好书例句</strong></h3>
<p>Hermione was acting as though she was quite oblivious to all of this, but once or twice Harry saw an inexplicable smirk cross her face.<br />
赫敏好像对这一切浑然不觉，但有一两次哈利看到她脸上掠过一丝令人不解的笑意。</p>
<p>出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第六本《哈利·波特与混血王子》（Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>Its name came from the idea of weaving such a chip into items of clothing, where it could let oblivious wearers know when the need for a shower was becoming urgent.<br />
它的名字源于将这种芯片编织到衣物中的想法，可以让未察觉的穿着者知道自己何时真的该冲个澡了。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>Chinese citizens have greater freedom today than they have had in 50 years. To be oblivious to that is foolish.<br />
中国公民今天享有的自由远比过去50年多得多，如连这点都看不到就太愚蠢了。<br />
——《时代周刊》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li><strong>Oblivious to surroundings</strong> (对周围环境毫不知情) &#8211; Unaware or inattentive to what is happening around.
<ul>
<li>Example: He was so engrossed in his book that he was oblivious to his surroundings.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to danger</strong> (对危险毫不知情) &#8211; Unaware or ignorant of potential risks or hazards.
<ul>
<li>Example: The hiker ventured deep into the forest, oblivious to the lurking dangers.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to criticism</strong> (对批评不以为意) &#8211; Unaffected or unconcerned by negative comments or feedback.
<ul>
<li>Example: She remained confident in her abilities, oblivious to the criticism from others.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to time</strong> (对时间毫不在意) &#8211; Unaware or disregarding the passing of time.
<ul>
<li>Example: Lost in conversation, they were oblivious to time and ended up being late for the meeting.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to consequences</strong> (对后果无觉察) &#8211; Unmindful or ignorant of the potential outcomes or repercussions of one&#8217;s actions.
<ul>
<li>Example: The reckless driver sped through red lights, seemingly oblivious to the consequences.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to etiquette</strong> (对礼仪不知情) &#8211; Unfamiliar or ignorant of proper social or cultural norms.
<ul>
<li>Example: He committed several etiquette blunders at the formal dinner, appearing oblivious to proper behavior.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the obvious</strong> (对显而易见的事情视而不见) &#8211; Unaware or failing to notice something that is evident or clear.
<ul>
<li>Example: Despite the signs pointing in the right direction, she walked in the opposite direction, oblivious to the obvious.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the truth</strong> (对真相一无所知) &#8211; Unaware or uninformed about the actual facts or reality.
<ul>
<li>Example: The conspiracy theorist remained oblivious to the overwhelming evidence debunking their claims.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the noise</strong> (对噪音不加理会) &#8211; Unaffected or undisturbed by loud or distracting sounds.
<ul>
<li>Example: The baby slept peacefully, seemingly oblivious to the noise in the busy household.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the details</strong> (对细节毫不在意) &#8211; Unconcerned or not paying attention to specific information or particulars.
<ul>
<li>Example: He skimmed through the contract, oblivious to the important details.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the impact</strong> (对影响无感知) &#8211; Unaware or ignorant of the influence or effect one has on others.
<ul>
<li>Example: The supervisor&#8217;s harsh words left her oblivious to the emotional impact on her team.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the signs</strong> (对迹象无视) &#8211; Unobservant or disregarding indications or signals.
<ul>
<li>Example: She continued to invest in the failing company, oblivious to the warning signs.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the changes</strong> (对变化毫无察觉) &#8211; Unaware or failing to notice alterations or transformations.
<ul>
<li>Example: He remained oblivious to the changes in his neighborhood until someone pointed them out.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the situation</strong> (对情况毫不知情) &#8211; Uninformed or unaware of the current circumstances or context.
<ul>
<li>Example: She walked into the room, oblivious to the tense atmosphere.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the consequences</strong> (对后果漠不关心) &#8211; Unconcerned or indifferent to the potential outcomes or results.
<ul>
<li>Example: The teenager engaged in risky behavior, seemingly oblivious to the consequences.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the noise</strong> (对噪音不以为意) &#8211; Unperturbed or unaffected by loud or disruptive sounds.
<ul>
<li>Example: The dedicated writer was able to work in a busy café, seemingly oblivious to the noise.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the crowd</strong> (对人群毫不在意) &#8211; Unbothered or indifferent to the presence of a large number of people.
<ul>
<li>Example: The street performer captivated the audience while remaining oblivious to the surrounding crowd.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the weather</strong> (对天气漠不关心) &#8211; Unconcerned or unaffected by the current weather conditions.
<ul>
<li>Example: Despite the heavy rain, he left the house without an umbrella, seemingly oblivious to the weather.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the rules</strong> (对规则不知情) &#8211; Unaware or uninformed about the established regulations or guidelines.
<ul>
<li>Example: The new employee violated several company policies, appearing oblivious to the rules.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the impact</strong> (对影响毫无感知) &#8211; Unaware or unmindful of the influence or effect one&#8217;s actions have on others.
<ul>
<li>Example: His thoughtless remarks left her feeling hurt, while he remained oblivious to the impact of his words.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the surroundings</strong> (对周围环境漠不关心) &#8211; Uninterested or inattentive to the environment or surroundings.
<ul>
<li>Example: He walked through the crowded market, seemingly oblivious to the vibrant atmosphere.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the noise</strong> (对噪音毫不在意) &#8211; Unaffected or undisturbed by loud or disruptive sounds.
<ul>
<li>Example: The child slept peacefully, seemingly oblivious to the noise of the construction site.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the chaos</strong> (对混乱无知情) &#8211; Unaware or unconcerned about the disorder or confusion happening around.
<ul>
<li>Example: The toddler happily played in the midst of the chaotic room, oblivious to the mess.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the surroundings</strong> (对周围环境无知情) &#8211; Unaware or disregarding the environment or immediate surroundings.
<ul>
<li>Example: She walked with her headphones on, seemingly oblivious to the bustling city streets.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the danger</strong> (对危险毫不知情) &#8211; Unaware or ignorant of potential risks or threats.
<ul>
<li>Example: The tourist wandered into the restricted area, seemingly oblivious to the danger signs.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the gossip</strong> (对闲言碎语不在意) &#8211; Unconcerned or unaffected by rumors or idle talk.
<ul>
<li>Example: She focused on her work, appearing oblivious to the office gossip.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the consequences</strong> (对后果无觉察) &#8211; Unmindful or unaware of the potential outcomes or results of one&#8217;s actions.
<ul>
<li>Example: The driver ran a red light, seemingly oblivious to the potential consequences.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the passersby</strong> (对路人无视) &#8211; Unconcerned or paying no attention to people passing by.
<ul>
<li>Example: The artist painted diligently, seemingly oblivious to the curious onlookers.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the time</strong> (对时间毫不知情) &#8211; Unaware or disregarding the passage of time.
<ul>
<li>Example: Lost in conversation, they were oblivious to the time and ended up being late.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Oblivious to the impact</strong> (对影响无感知) &#8211; Unaware or indifferent to the influence or effect one has on others.
<ul>
<li>Example: The teacher&#8217;s encouraging words left the student feeling inspired, while the teacher remained oblivious to the impact.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>unaware:</strong> having no knowledge of a situation or fact<br />
<strong>ignorant: </strong>lacking knowledge, information, or awareness about a particular thing<br />
<strong>heedless:</strong> showing a reckless lack of care or attention</p>
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		<title>forfeit</title>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 May 2023 23:19:25 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[GRE词汇精讲]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[forfeit 基本释义 [verb] lose or be deprived of (property or [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>forfeit</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[verb] lose or be deprived of (property or a right or privilege) as a penalty for wrongdoing<br />
[动词] 失去或被剥夺（财产、权利或特权）以作为对不当行为的惩罚</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>Forfeit 是一个与小站（微信公众号：田间小站）差不多一年前推送的 surfeit 同结尾的单词，除此之外同结尾的还有 counterfeit （伪造；伪造的；伪造物）。</p>
<p>该词源自拉丁语 forfaire （违反、违背），14世纪经古法语 forfet, forfait （犯罪行为、应受惩罚的违法行为）进入英语后，即用来表示因犯罪、犯错、违法、违规、违约、疏忽、失职等不当行为而“丧失的东西、没收物”或被罚的“罚金”，包括因违反俱乐部或比赛的规则而被罚的“小额罚款”，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>他开车走了，没有注意到他所造成的附带损害。这是他必须付的罚金。<br />
He drove off, oblivious of the collateral damage he had caused. That is the forfeit he must pay.</li>
</ul>
<p>另外， forfeit 也可以特指公民权的“丧失”，诸如言论自由的丧失（the forfeit of freedom of speech）、选举权的丧失（the forfeit of voting rights）。</p>
<p>用作动词时， forfeit 主要指因犯罪、犯错、违法、违规、违约、疏忽、失职等不当行为而“丧失、失去、被没收”财产、权利、特权、自由、生命等，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>她因为说谎丧失了朋友们的尊重。<br />
She forfeited the esteem of her friends by telling lies.</li>
</ul>
<p>这个动词概念也可以反过来引申表示为获得他物而“主动放弃”，即主动失去或放弃某物以作为其他事物的必然结果，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>他主动放弃了可观的酬金，觉得自己的健康更加重要。<br />
He has forfeited a lucrative fee but feels his well-being is more important.</li>
</ul>
<p>此外， forfeit 还可以用作形容词相应表示作为处罚而“被罚的、被没收的、丧失了的”，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>她暗中兼差替企鹅人做事。她知道如果她不遵命就会丧命。<br />
She moonlighted for the Penguin. She knew her life was forfeit if she did not do as she was told.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>好书例句</strong></h3>
<p>He had no rights at all where she was concerned; this afternoon he had forfeited them all, forever.<br />
凡是有关她的事情，他都无权过问，当天下午他已经把这种权利彻底丧失了，永远丧失了。</p>
<p>出自美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔（Margaret Mitchell）创作的长篇小说《飘》（Gone with the Wind）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>The way to make supply chains more resilient is not to domesticate them, which concentrates risk and forfeits economies of scale, but to diversify them.<br />
要让供应链更能抵抗风险，不应该将它迁回国内，因为这只会让风险集中并丧失规模经济；供应链多元化才是出路。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>In many cases, if you don’t spend the money by a certain deadline — often the end of the calendar year — you forfeit the cash in your account.<br />
在很多情况下，如果你没有在某个截止日期前（通常是日历年结束时）花掉这笔钱，你就会丧失你账户中的现金。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li><strong>Forfeit the game</strong> &#8211; 放弃比赛</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit one&#8217;s rights</strong> &#8211; 放弃某人的权利</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a deposit</strong> &#8211; 失去押金</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a match</strong> &#8211; 失去比赛</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a competition</strong> &#8211; 失去竞赛</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a prize</strong> &#8211; 失去奖品</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a privilege</strong> &#8211; 失去特权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a bonus</strong> &#8211; 失去奖金</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a license</strong> &#8211; 失去许可证</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a bet</strong> &#8211; 失去赌注</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a contract</strong> &#8211; 失去合同</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a claim</strong> &#8211; 放弃索赔权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a lease</strong> &#8211; 失去租约</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a reward</strong> &#8211; 失去奖励</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a payment</strong> &#8211; 失去付款</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a bond</strong> &#8211; 失去保证金</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a share</strong> &#8211; 失去股份</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a right of way</strong> &#8211; 放弃通行权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a title</strong> &#8211; 失去头衔</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a position</strong> &#8211; 失去职位</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a privilege</strong> &#8211; 失去特权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a reward</strong> &#8211; 失去奖励</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a claim</strong> &#8211; 放弃索赔权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a deposit</strong> &#8211; 失去押金</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a chance</strong> &#8211; 失去机会</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a penalty</strong> &#8211; 失去处罚</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a contract</strong> &#8211; 失去合同</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a lease</strong> &#8211; 失去租约</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a lawsuit</strong> &#8211; 失去诉讼</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a fee</strong> &#8211; 失去费用</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a membership</strong> &#8211; 失去会员资格</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a claim</strong> &#8211; 失去索赔权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a game</strong> &#8211; 失去比赛</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a challenge</strong> &#8211; 失去挑战</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a privilege</strong> &#8211; 失去特权</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a tournament</strong> &#8211; 失去锦标赛</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a prize</strong> &#8211; 失去奖品</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a license</strong> &#8211; 失去许可证</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a scholarship</strong> &#8211; 失去奖学金</li>
<li><strong>Forfeit a bet</strong> &#8211; 失去赌注</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>relinquish: </strong>voluntarily cease to keep or claim; give up<br />
<strong>confiscate:</strong> to officially take sth away from sb, especially as a punishment<br />
<strong>renounce: </strong>formally declare one&#8217;s abandonment of (a claim, right, or possession)</p>
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		<title>ledger</title>
		<link>https://www.733588.com/ledger/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[帕布莉卡]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 May 2023 13:01:02 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[BEC商务英语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[GRE词汇精讲]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[ledger 基本释义 [noun] a book or other collection of financ [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>ledger</p></blockquote>
<h3><strong>基本释义</strong></h3>
<p>[noun] a book or other collection of financial accounts of a particular type<br />
[名词] 一种特定类型的财务账目的账簿或其他集合</p>
<h3><strong>深入解读</strong></h3>
<p>作为一个财会术语， ledger 不仅是一个时不时就会在《经济学人》中看到的单词，同时从上面的外刊例句也不难发现这是一个与区块链（blockchain）技术息息相关的单词。</p>
<p>该词很可能源自中古英语动词 leyen, leggen （放置），在中古英语中拼作 lygger, leger ，表示“永久存放在某一特定地点的书本，尤指教堂中天主教、东正教神职人员每日念诵的日课经或者说祈祷书的大副本”以及“横梁”。</p>
<p>从这个概念出发， ledger 先是在16世纪40年代用作形容词表示“固定在一处的、不动的”，虽然这个含义现已不再流行，但仍然可以从 ledger bait （沉于水底的“固定底饵”）、 ledger tackle （固定底饵钓具）这些钓鱼术语中看出端倪。</p>
<p>然后到了1588年后，开始发展出现在的主要含义指“分类账簿、分户账簿、收支总账”，主要指银行、企业、组织等用来登记各类经济业务增减变动以及其余额的账簿，一般会根据会计科目的名称进行设置。</p>
<p>其中，根据一级会计科目设置的账簿叫总分类账（general ledger），它提供各类经济业务的总括情况；根据二级或明细科目设置的账簿叫明细分类账（subsidiary ledger），它提供各类经济业务的详细情况。比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>他甚至篡改了他的银行里的分类账簿，以帮助受害者。<br />
He even doctored the ledgers in his bank to help the underdog.</li>
</ul>
<p>此外， ledger 现在还可以用在建筑领域表示脚手架上用于垂直支撑的“横木”，也可以指覆盖坟墓的扁平“盖墓石板”。</p>
<h3><strong>好书用例</strong></h3>
<p>When you come to one of the many moments in life where you must give an account of yourself, provide a ledger of what you have been, and done, and meant to the world, do not, I pray, discount that you filled a dying man’s days with a sated joy, a joy unknown to me in all my prior years, a joy that does not hunger for more and more but rests, satisfied. In this time, right now, that is an enormous thing.<br />
在往后的生命中，你会有很多时刻，要去回顾自己的过去，罗列出你去过的地方，做过的事，对这个世界的意义。我衷心希冀，遇到这样的时刻，你一定不要忘了，你曾经让一个将死之人的余生充满了欢乐。在你到来之前的岁月，我对这种欢乐一无所知。我不奢求这样的欢乐永无止境，只觉得平和喜乐，心满意足。此时此刻的当下，这是我生命中最重大的事。</p>
<p>出自美国神经外科医生保罗·卡拉尼什（Paul Kalanithi）于2016年出版的生命笔记《当呼吸化为空气》（When Breath Becomes Air）。</p>
<h3><strong>外刊例句</strong></h3>
<ul class="td-arrow-list">
<li>In essence it is a shared, trusted, public ledger that everyone can inspect, but which no single user controls.<br />
本质上它是一个共享的、可信的公共账目，每个人都可以查看它，但它不受单个用户的控制。<br />
——《经济学人》</li>
<li>She has been collecting and analyzing leaks from the Bitcoin blockchain, the immutable public ledger that has recorded all transactions since the cryptocurrency’s launch in January 2009.<br />
她一直在收集和分析比特币区块链的漏洞，比特币区块链是一个不可变的公共账目，记录了自2009年1月该加密货币推出以来的所有交易。<br />
——《纽约时报》</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>常见短语</strong></h3>
<ol>
<li><strong>Accounting ledger</strong>: 会计分类账</li>
<li><strong>General ledger</strong>: 总分类账</li>
<li><strong>Double-entry ledger</strong>: 复式分类账</li>
<li><strong>Digital ledger</strong>: 数字分类账</li>
<li><strong>Financial ledger</strong>: 财务分类账</li>
<li><strong>Ledger entry</strong>: 分类账目</li>
<li><strong>Ledger balance</strong>: 分类账余额</li>
<li><strong>Ledger sheet</strong>: 分类账页</li>
<li><strong>Ledger account</strong>: 分类账户</li>
<li><strong>Ledger book</strong>: 分类账簿</li>
<li><strong>Ledger transaction</strong>: 分类账交易</li>
<li><strong>Ledger reconciliation</strong>: 分类账对账</li>
<li><strong>Sales ledger</strong>: 销售分类账</li>
<li><strong>Purchase ledger</strong>: 采购分类账</li>
<li><strong>Cash ledger</strong>: 现金分类账</li>
<li><strong>Ledger management</strong>: 分类账管理</li>
<li><strong>Ledger system</strong>: 分类账系统</li>
<li><strong>Ledger report</strong>: 分类账报告</li>
<li><strong>Ledger analysis</strong>: 分类账分析</li>
<li><strong>Ledger control</strong>: 分类账控制</li>
<li><strong>Ledger posting</strong>: 分类账核算</li>
<li><strong>Ledger accuracy</strong>: 分类账准确性</li>
<li><strong>Ledger maintenance</strong>: 分类账维护</li>
<li><strong>Ledger closure</strong>: 分类账结算</li>
<li><strong>Ledger review</strong>: 分类账审查</li>
<li><strong>Ledger verification</strong>: 分类账核对</li>
<li><strong>Ledger journal</strong>: 分类账日记账</li>
<li><strong>Ledger record</strong>: 分类账记录</li>
<li><strong>Ledger tracking</strong>: 分类账追踪</li>
<li><strong>Ledger control account</strong>: 分类账控制账户</li>
</ol>
<h3><strong>同近义词</strong></h3>
<p><strong>book: </strong>a set of records or accounts<br />
<strong>log: </strong>an official record of events during the voyage of a ship or aircraft<br />
<strong>register: </strong>an official list or record, for example of births, marriages, and deaths, of shipping, or of historic places</p>
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